Full integration tests and test doubles are two approaches to testing in software development. Test doubles are lightweight and easy to set up, but they might not accurately reflect the behavior of the real implementation.

Full integration tests provide a more realistic view of how the application will perform in production, but setting up and maintaining tests for complex systems can be difficult and time-consuming.

Trace-based testing offers a new alternative by combining the benefits of both approaches, but it is still a relatively new testing technique.