Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) cranks up pods based on CPU, memory, or custom quirks. A dream for stateless adventures, but you'll need a metrics server. Vertical Pod Autoscaler (VPA) fine-tunes CPU and memory for pods. Works like a charm for jobs where scaling out is sketchy, though it demands restarts and tends to bicker with HPA settings. Cluster Autoscaler expands worker nodes through cloud provider APIsβa match made in heaven for cloud configurations with automatic provisioning.
